Celtic Canada Archives — TERRE CELTICHE

Loreena McKennitt

Loreena McKennitt (Morden, 1957) has often been called a goddess of Harmony for her beautifull voice (lyrical singing with the Celtic technique of the “old style” Sean-nós) combined with the charming amber-haired figure.
A clever multi-instrumentalist (piano, Celtic harp, dulcimer, accordion) and composer, as well as a tenacious supporter of her musical project defined by herself as “eclectic Celtism“.
Her activity as a musician began in the corners of the Canadian streets where she played and sang the traditional Irish music with her harp and she self-produced her CD: Elemental, Parallel Dreams and The visit are essential musical projects, practically filmed live; the breakthrough comes with “The Mask and the Mirror” (1994), a concept album immersed in world music along the path of Santiago that welds the spirituality (and music-prayer) of Islam, Christianity and Judaism.
Loreena usually picks some musicians proficient in instruments related to each album to record with, but her core members are: guitarist Brian Hughes & percussionist Rick Lazar (both 1989), and violinist Hugh Marsh (1991). Cellist Caroline Lavelle & keyboardist/percussionist Donald Quan joined in 1995.

Elemental 1985

The debut album of the Canadian singer (Irish father and Scottish mother) when she was still playing on the street with her celtic harp and the offer box, it was recorded in a Stratford barn with almost all of the traditional Irish songs.
Blacksmith
She Moved Through the Fair
Stolen Child
The Lark
Carrighfergus
Kellswater
Banks of Claudy
Come by the Hills
Lullaby

To Drive the Cold Winter Away 1987

The album consists of winter and Christmas songs, recorded in part at Annaghmakerrig, in County Monaghan (Ireland), in the Benedictine Abbey of Glenstal in Limerick (Ireland) and in the Church of Our Lady in Guelph, Ontario, in Canada. Essential and sparse it is centered on the angelic vocalism of the artist, so the author writes in the notese “As a child my most vivid impression of music for the winter season came from songs and carols recorded in churches or great halls, rich with their own unique ambience and tradition. In that spirit, I have ventured into several similar locations that I have come to cherish in my travels.”
In Praise of Christmas
The Seasons
The king (Hunting the Wren)
Banquet Hall
Snow ( lyric by Archibald Lampman)
Balulalow
Let Us the Infant Greet
The Wexford Carol
The Stockford Carol

Let all that are to Mirth Inclined

Parallel Dreams 1989

Samain Night
Moon Cradle
Huron ‘Beltane’ Fire Dance (live at Alhambra ): as implied by its title, the “Huron Beltane Fire Dance” starts off as a very tribal, Native American-sounding chant, then shifts into a Celtic-Irish string piece

Annachie Gordon
Standing Stones
Dickens’ Dublin (The Palace)
Breaking the Silence
Ancient Pines

The visit 1991

“I have long considered the creative impulse to be a visit – a thing of grace, perhaps, not commanded or owned so much as awaited, prepared for. A thing, also, of mystery. This recording endeavours to explore some of that mystery.
It looks as well into the earlier eastern influences of the Celts and the likelihood that they started from as far away as Eastern Europe before being driven to the western margins of Europe, particularly in the British Isles. With their musical influences came rituals around birth and death which treated the land as holy and haunted; this life itself as a visit. Afterwards, one’s soul might move to another plane, or another form – perhaps a tree. The Celts knew then, as we are re-learning now, a deep respect for all the life around them. This recording aspires to be nothing as much as a reflection into the weave of these things.” – L.M. (from here)

All Souls Night
Bonny Portmore
Between the Shadows
(Live in Paris and Toronto)

live from San Francisco 1995 and also in “Troubadours On The Rhine”

The Lady of Shalott
Greensleeves
Tango to Evora: Loreena wrote the music on commission, for the soundtrack of the documentary “The Burning Times” by the Canadian director Donna Read, on witchcraft and the bonfires ( (a feminist re-interpretation of the witchcraft trials). A few years later Haris Alexiou writes a text that is a small fairy tale wrapped in the Greek myth and titled “Nefelis Tango”

Julia Juliati & Ronny Dutra in Tango to Evora

Courtyard Lullaby
The Old Ways
Cymbeline

The Mask and Mirror 1994

Loreena McKennitt reads the book of Idries Shah “The Sufi” (1964) and composes an album “The Mask and Mirror” (1994) in which she asks herself about spirituality and religion: “… Who was God? And what is religion, spirituality? What was revealed and what was hidden … what was the mask and what was the mirror? ”
And she does so by exploring mysticism, the violent, sudden, irruption of God in the soul.

The Mystic’s Dream
The Bonny Swans
The Dark Night of the Soul
Marrakesh Night Market
Full Circle
Santiago

Live in Paris and Toronto 1999


Cé Hé Mise le Ulaingt? The Two Trees
Prospero’s Speech

A Winter Garden – Five Songs for the Season 1995-2008

with Christmas music

1995
Coventry Carol
God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen
Good King Wenceslas
Snow ( lyric by Archibald Lampman)
Seeds of Love

2008
The Holly & The Ivy
Un flambeau, Jeannette, Isabelle
The Seven Rejoices of Mary
Noël Nouvelet!
Breton Carol
Gloucestershire Wassail
Emmanuel

In the Bleak Midwinter

The Book of Secrets 1997

It is the cd that decrees the worldwide success of Loreena and leads her to face a world tour in spring 1998; in the summer of that year, near the wedding, the fiancé drowns during a boat crossing in Lake Huron, to his memory the artist dedicates the double “Live in Paris and Toronto” (1999): a magnificent live, sublime, a perfect performances and a wealth of sounds, a magical fusion between the expressiveness of each individual musician, with little gems of pure beauty in the note-for-note.

Prologue

The Mummers’ Dance
Skellig
Marco Polo inspired by a Sufi melody

The Highwayman
La Serenissima dedicated to Venice and the Venetian Baroque

Night Ride Across The Caucasus
Dante’s Prayer

Seven years of silence followed (with the exception of the collaboration with the Chieftains for the track YOU RAMBLING BOYS OF PLEASURE in Tears of Stone 1999) and of travels for the Mediterranean between 2000 and 2005, in particular Greece. A wanderer who wins the nickname of Irish gypsy

An Ancient Muse 2006

Some of the songs on this album were premiered at the Alhambra in Granada (Spain) on the dates 14, 15 and 16 September 2006 to inaugurate the return to the artist’s stage; of the concerts was released a memorable live album entitled “Nights from the Alhambra”.
The publication of the album An Ancient Muse was followed by a tour (in 2007)
Incantation
The Gates of Istanbul
Caravanserai
The English Ladye and the Knight ( lyric by Sir Walter Scott)
Kecharitomene

Penelope’s Song
Sacred Shabbat traditional tune of the Balkans
live version from “A Mediterranean Odyssey” her Mediterranean Tour in summer 2009

Beneath A Phrygian Sky
Never-ending Road (Amhrán Duit)

bonus track
Raglan Road

Nights from Alhambra 2007 ( full album)

The Wind That Shakes the Barley 2010

collection of traditional Irish songs rearranged by the artist
As I Roved Out
On a Bright May Morning
Brian Boru’s March
Down by the Sally Gardens
The Star of the County Down
The Wind That Shakes the Barley
The Death of Queen Jane
The Emigration Tunes

The Parting Glass

Lost Souls 2018

Spanish Guitars and Night Plazas
A Hundred Wishes
Ages Past, Ages Hence
The Ballad of the Fox Hunter ( lyric by William Butler Yeats)
Manx Ayre

La Belle Dame Sans Merci ( lyric by John Keats )
Sun, Moon and Stars

Breaking of the Sword
Lost Souls

LINK
Official Web site
FAQ: Old Ways Mailing List

Paddy Lay Back: take a turn around the capstan

Leggi in italiano

Paddy Lay Back is a kilometer sea shanty, variant wedge, sung by sailors both as a recreational song and as a song to the winch to raise the anchor (capstan shanty).

Stan Hugill in his “Shanties from the Seven Seas”, testifies a long version with about twenty stanzas (see), here only those sung by himself for the album ” “Sea Songs: Newport, Rhode Island- Songs from the Age of Sail”, 1980: “It was both a forebitter and a capstan song and a very popular one too, especially in Liverpool ships. […] It is a fairly old song dating back to the Mobile cotton hoosiers and has two normal forms: one with an eight-line verse – this was the forebitter form; and the second with a four-line verse – the usual shanty pattern. Doerflinger gives a two-line verse pattern as the shanty – a rather unusual form, and further on in his book he gives the forebitter with both four- and eight-line verses. He gives the title of the shanty as Paddy, Get Back and both his versions of the forebitter as Mainsail Haul. Shay, Sampson and Bone all suggest that it was a fairly modern sea-song and give no indication that any form was sung as a shanty, but all my sailing-ship acquaintances always referred to it as a shanty, and it was certainly sung in the Liverpool-New York Packets as such – at least the four-line verse form. […] Verses from 11 onwards [of the 19 verses given, incl. v. 3, lines 1-4 above] are fairly modern and nothing to do with the Packet Ship seamen, but with the chorus of ‘For we’re bound for Vallaparaiser round the Horn’ are what were sung by Liverpool seamen engaged in the West Coast Guano Trade.” (Stan Hugill)
(all the strings except III)
Stan Hugill

Nils Brown, Assassin’s Creed Rogue (I, II, III, V, VI)

I
‘Twas a cold an’ dreary (frosty) mornin’ in December,
An’ all of me money it was spent
Where it went to Lord (Christ) I can’t remember
So down to the shippin’ office I went,
CHORUS
Paddy, lay back (Paddy, lay back)!
Take in yer slack (take in yer slack)!
Take a turn around the capstan – heave a pawl (1) – (heave a pawl)
‘Bout ship’s stations, boys,
be handy (be handy)! (2)
For we’re bound for Valaparaiser
‘round the Horn!
II
That day there wuz a great demand for sailors
For the Colonies and for ‘Frisco and for France
So I shipped aboard a Limey barque (3) “the Hotspur”
An’ got paralytic drunk on my advance (4)
III
Now I joined her on a cold December mornin’,
A-frappin’ o’ me flippers to keep me warm.
With the south cone a-hoisted as a warnin’ (5),
To stand by the comin’ of a storm.
IV
Now some of our fellers had bin drinkin’,
An’ I meself wuz heavy on the booze;
An’ I wuz on me ol’ sea-chest a-thinkin’
I’d turn into me bunk an’ have a snooze.

V
I woke up in the mornin’ sick an’ sore,
An’ knew I wuz outward bound again;
When I heard a voice a-bawlin’ (calling) at the door,
‘Lay aft, men, an’ answer to yer names!’
VI
‘Twas on the quarterdeck where first I saw you,
Such an ugly bunch I’d niver seen afore;
For there wuz a bum an’ stiff from every quarter,
An’ it made me poor ol’ heart feel sick an’ sore.
VII
There wuz Spaniards an’ Dutchmen an’ Rooshians,
An’ Johnny Crapoos jist acrosst from France;
An’ most o’ ‘em couldn’t speak a word o’ English,
But answered to the name of ‘Month’s Advance’.
VIII
I knew that in me box I had a bottle,
By the boardin’-master ‘twas put there;
An’ I wanted something for to wet me throttle,
Somethin’ for to drive away dull care.
IX
So down upon me knees I went like thunder,
Put me hand into the bottom o’ the box,
An’ what wuz me great surprise an’ wonder,
Found only a bottle o’ medicine for the pox

NOTES
1) pawl – short bar of metal at the foot of a capstan or close to the barrel of a windlass which engage a serrated base so as to prevent the capstan or windlass ‘walking back’. […] The clanking of the pawls as the anchor cable was hove in was the only musical accompaniment a shanty ever had! (Hugill, Shanties 414)
2) it is a typical expression in maritime songs
3) limey – The origin of the Yanks calling English sailors ‘Limejuicers’ […] was the daily issuing of limejuice to British crews when they had been a certain number of days at sea, to prevent scurvy, according to the 1894 Merchant Shipping Act (Hugill, Shanties 54)
4) the sailor has spent all the advance on high-alcohol drinking
5) A storm-cone is a visual signalling device made of black-painted canvas designed to be hoisted on a mast – if apex upwards, a gale is expected from the North, if from the South, apex downward. The storm cone was devised by Rear Admiral Robert Fitzroy, former commander of HMS Beagle, head of a department of the Board of Trade known today simply as the Met Office, and inventor of weather forecasts.
“In 1860 he devised a system of issuing gale warnings by telegraph to the ports likely to be affected. The message contained of a list of places with the words:
‘North Cone’ or ‘South Cone’ – for northerly or southerly gales respectively
‘Drum’ – for when further gales were expected,
Drum and North/South Cone’ – for particularly heavy gales or storms. ” (from herei) (see more)

FOLK VERSION: Valparaiso Round the Horn

For his title the song has become a traditional Irish song, a popular drinking song, connected to equally popular jigs (eg Irish washer woman)! Also known as “The Liverpool song” and “Valparaiso Round the Horn”. Among the favorite pirate song of course!

The Wolfe Tones from “Let The People Sing” 1972 make a folk version that has become the standard of a classic irish drinking song
The Irish Rovers live
Sons Of Erin

I
‘Twas a cold an’ dreary (frosty) mornin’ in December,
An’ all of me money it was spent
Where it went to Lord I can’t remember
So down to the shippin’ office I went,
CHORUS
Paddy, lay back (Paddy, lay back)!
Take in yer slack (take in yer slack)!
Take a turn around the capstan – heave a pawl (1) – (heave a pawl)
About ships for England boys be handy(2)
For we’re bound for Valaparaiser
‘round the Horn!
II
That day there wuz a great demand for sailors
For the Colonies and for ‘Frisco and for France
So I shipped aboard a Limey barque (3) “the Hotspur”
An’ got paralytic drunk on my advance (4)

III
There were Frenchmen, there were Germans, there were Russians
And there was Jolly Jacques came just across from France
And not one of them could speak a word of English
But they’d answer to the name of Bill or Dan
IV
I woke up in the morning sick and sore (5)
I wished I’d never sailed away again
Then a voice it came thundering thru’ the floor
Get up and pay attention to your name
V
I wish that I was in the Jolly Sailor (6)
With Molly or with Kitty on me knee
Now I see most any men are sailors
And with me flipper I wipe away my tears

NOTES
1) see above
2) or Bout ship’s stations, boys
3) see above
4) see above
5) a euphemism to describe the hangover
6) the name varies at the discretion of the singer

LINK
http://www.folkways.si.edu/the-focsle-singers/paddy-lay-back/american-folk-celtic/music/track/smithsonian
http://www.jsward.com/shanty/PaddyLayBack/hugill.html
https://maritime.org/chanteys/paddy-lay-back.htm
http://aliverpoolfolksongaweek.blogspot.it/2011/12/36-paddy-lay-back.html
http://mysongbook.de/msb/songs/p/paddylay.html

Row me bullies boys row (Alan Doyle)

Leggi in italiano

The most recent version of this popular sea shanty comes from the movie “Robin Hood Prince of Thieves” by Ridley Scott (2010), and was written for the occasion by Alan Doyle (front man of the Canadian band Great Big Sea), recalling the melody and the structure of the Liverpool Judies refrain, with a text that remind the typical phrases of these seafaring songs; so obviously everyone adds the verse that he likes.

I’ll sing you a song, it’s a song of the sea
I’ll sing you a song if you’ll sing it with me
While the first mate is playing the captain aboard
He looks like a peacock with pistols and sword
The captain likes whiskey, the mate, he likes rum
Us sailers like both but we can’t get us none
Well farewell my love it is time for to roam
The old blue peters are calling us home

In Taberna

Strangs and Stout

CHORUS
And it’s row me bully boys
We’re in a hurry boys
We got a long way to go
And we’ll sing and we’ll dance
And bid farewell to France
And it’s row me bully boys row.
I
I’ll sing you a song,
it’s a song of the sea
Row me bully boys row
We sailed away
in the roughest of waters
And it’s row, me bully boys, row
But now we’re returning
so lock up your daughters
And it’s row, me bully boys, row

II
Well farewell my love
it is time for to roam
Row me bully boys row
The old blue peters
are calling us home
And it’s row me bully boys row

Barnacle Buoys

I
When we set sail for Bristol
the sun was like crystal
And it’s row, me bully boys, row
We found muddier water
when passing Bridge Water
And it’s row, me bully boys row
Chorus:
And it’s row, me bully boys,
we’re in a hurry, boys
We’ve got a long way to go
And we’ll drink as we glance
– a last look at France
row, me bully boys, row
II
We sailed away
in the roughest of waters
But now we’re returning
so lock up your daughters

III
So we’ve been away
for many a day now
So we’ll fill out our sails
and drink all the ale now
IV
So we’ll drink and we’ll feast
with no care in the least
And soon, as we’re craving’,
we’ll sail up to Avon
V
As we tied up in Bristol,
me heart was a-thumpin’
Then I found my girl Alice,
who took me a-scrumpin’

and so on!

ITALIAN VERSION: VOGA AMICO MIO VAI

here is the italian versione in the movie


CORO
Voga voga, voga un po’ di più (amico)
un altro po’, dove si va non lo so
Balliamo cantiamo e la Francia lasciamo
voga un altro po’ vai
Voga voga, voga un po’ di più
Voga un altro po’ dove si va non lo so
La Francia non la rivedremo giammai
Voga amico mio vai
E’ tardi oramai voi siete già nei guai
Voga amico mio vai
O voi non scherzate oppure rischiate
Voga voga un po’ di più
Ma non si può stare troppo via dal mare
Voga voga, voga un po’ di più
Partiamo di nuovo per non ritornare
Voga amico mio vai

ARCHIVE:
Liverpool judies (Row bullies row)
‘Frisco
New York
from Robin Hood (Alan Doyle)

LINK
https://thesession.org/discussions/24758
https://www.musixmatch.com/it/testo/Rambling-Sailors/Row-Me-Bully-Boys
http://www.songsterr.com/a/wsa/misc-soundtrack-robin-hood-row-me-bully-boys-chords-s376527
http://mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=158562
https://reelsoundtrack.wordpress.com/2010/05/15/robin-hood-soundtrack/

The Eastern Light (the Banks of Newfoundland)

Leggi in italiano

There are several sea songs entitled “the Banks of Newfoundland”, not to be properly considered variations on the same melody, even if they share a common theme, the dangers of fishing or navigation offshore of Newfoundland.

Most sad was my misfortune in the year of ‘sixty-three

Sometimes as “The Eastern Light” the ballad of the Canadian tradition entitled “the Banks of Newfoundland” describes a fishing season on the Great Banks of Newfoundland , the fishing boat left the port of Gloucester (Massachusetts) in the month of March and our sailor was definitely drunk when boarding.

Kenneth Peacock collected it from James Rice in 1951, and published it in Songs Of The Newfoundland Outports, Volume 1, 1965, he noted that this appears to be an American ballad of New England origin, also Helen Creighton had collected this ballad in Nova Scotia as The Gloucester Fishermen,

Jim Rice [1879-1958] of Cape Broyle from MUNFLA ♪

The Dardanelles live, (from The Eastern Light, 2011) instrumental arrangement Matthew Byrne & Billy Sutton

V
We fished around the foggy bank
our skipper he louded shout
“Come hoist aboard your dories, b’ys, and break your anchor out;
come hoist the …(?)
we’ll get her under way,
provisions are getting kind of scarce, we can no longer stay,
VI
And now the anchor’s on the bow
we are homeward bound,
And when we get to Gloucester port
we’ll pass the glasses round.
We’ll go down to Johnny McLoudy
and we’ll have a happy night,
We’ll drink the health of the Gloucester girls,
and success to the “Eastern Light”.

NOTES
* transcribed by Cattia Salto in part from here
1) the date changes for some is 1873. for others the 1863: also written as “in eighteen hundred and seventy-three”
2) in some verses not reported here the sailor curses his love for liquor, because if he had kept sober, he would never have boarded
3) a fishing vessel named “Eastern Light” 70 tons, was built in 1866, owned by “Maddocks and Company of Gloucester”, Massachusetts.
4) “Banks Dory” is the boat built in a serial way and in large quantities starting from 1850, flat-bottomed for one or two men depending on the dimension. see more.
5) but traditional fishing on the Great Banks at least until the end of the nineteenth century was done with lines (see more)
6) The Grand Banks of Newfoundland are a group of underwater plateaus south-east of Newfoundland roughly triangular in shape often overwhelmed by storms, treacherous and dangerous due to the presence of icebergs and the frequent fog. The mixing of the cold Labrador Current with the warm waters of the Gulf Stream helped to create one of the richest fishing grounds in the world, but it’s also causes fog in the area, and before the advent of instrumental navigation, it made the Banks very insidious

transportation song
working on a fisher ship
the Eastern Light
captain’s death (american ballad)
shipwreck and rescue on the Banks (Canadian ballad)

LINK
https://www.mun.ca/folklore/leach/songs/NFLD1/4-12.htm
http://gestsongs.com/01/banks4.htm
http://sniff.numachi.com/pages/tiEASTRNLT.html

The Eastern Light (the Banks of Newfoundland)

Read the post in English

Ci sono parecchie sea songs dal titolo “the Banks of Newfoundland”, da non considerarsi propriamente come variazioni su una stessa melodia, anche se condividono un tema comune, i pericoli della pesca o della navigazione al largo di Terranova.

Most sad was my misfortune in the year of ‘sixty-three

Talvolta con il nome “The Eastern Light” la ballata della tradizione canadese intitolata “the Banks of Newfoundland” descrive una stagione di pesca sui Grandi Banchi di Terranova, il peschereccio è partito dal porto di Gloucester (Massachusetts) nel mese di Marzo e il nostro marinaio era decisamente ubriaco al momento dell’imbarco.

Kenneth Peacock che la collezionò da James Rice nel 1951, (in Songs Of The Newfoundland Outports, Volume 1, 1965) ritiene sia stata una ballata americana originaria del New England, anche Helen Creighton ha raccolto la stessa ballata in Nuova Scozia con il titolo di The Gloucester Fishermen.

Jim Rice [1879-1958] di Cape Broyle dall’Archivio MUNFLA ♪

The Dardanelles live, (in The Eastern Light, 2011) arrangiamento strumentale Matthew Byrne & Billy Sutton

I
‘Twas of my sad misfortune
in the year of seventy-three (1),
I set on board the fisher ship
all off a drunken spree (2),
her name it was The Eastern Light (3),
as you might understand,
We were bound down on a salt sea trip to the Banks of Newfoundland.
II
The saturday day beein the first of March, we left Gloucester port
the girls all wove their handkerchiefs
as we sailed down the shore
we had a jar of rum on board
which gathered round all the crew,
We drank the health to the Gloucester girls, in bidding us adieu.
III
It’s early in the morning boys
our cook he give a bawls,
“Get out and get your breakfast, b’ys, get out and haul your trawls (4).
You’ll scarce have time to light your pipe, your dory (5) she do go,
You’ll have to make three sets today
no matter how hard it blows”
IV
We fished around the foggy bank (6)
the space of seventeen days,
We boarded a couple of Frenchmen boat, no brandy could we raise.
The halibut they be in kind of scarce, we run our cod-fish gear,
our skipper he says ‘I’ll fill her up, if it takes a half a year.”
V
We fished around the foggy bank
our skipper he louded shout
“Come hoist aboard your dories, b’ys, and break your anchor out;
come hoist the …(?)
we’ll get her under way,
provisions are getting kind of scarce, we can no longer stay,
VI
And now the anchor’s on the bow
we are homeward bound,
And when we get to Gloucester port
we’ll pass the glasses round.
We’ll go down to Johnny McLoudy
and we’ll have a happy night,
We’ll drink the health of the Gloucester girls,
and success to the “Eastern Light”.

Traduzione italiana Cattia Salto
I
Per triste sventura
nell’anno del settantatré ,
mi sono imbarcato su un peschereccio
ubriaco fradicio,
il suo nome era “The Eastern Light” ,
come saprete
eravamo in partenza per un viaggio nel mare salato ai Banchi di Terranova.
II
Il sabato, il primo di marzo, abbiamo lasciato il porto di Gloucester,
le ragazze sventolavano i fazzoletti,
mentre partivamo da terra,
avevamo a bordo una bottiglia di rum
attorno a cui tutto l’equipaggio si radunò, abbiamo bevuto alla salute delle ragazze di Gloucester, che di dicevano addio.
III
Era l’alba, ragazzi
il nostro cuoco grida,
“Alzatevi a fare colazione, ragazzi,
andate a pescare,
avrete poco tempo per accendere la pipa, la vostra dory deve andare,
dovrete fare tre turni oggi
non importa quanto sia forte il vento”
IV
Abbiamo pescato sui Banchi nebbiosi
per la durata di diciassette giorni,
abbordammo un paio di barchette francesi, ma non potevamo procurarci del brandy
siccome la passera era scarsa, ricorriamo alla nostra attrezzatura per il merluzzo,
il nostro comandante dice “La riempirò, ci volesse un anno e mezzo”.
V
Abbiamo pescato sui Banchi nebbiosi
il nostro comandante ha urlato forte
“Venite a issare a bordo i vostri dory ragazzi, e leviamo l’ancora;
….,
per partire,
le provviste stanno diventando scarse, e non possiamo più restare,
VI
E ora l’ancora è a prua
siamo diretti verso casa,
E quando arriveremo al porto di Gloucester
faremo girare i bicchieri.
Faremo un salto a Johnny McLoudy
per passare una buona serata,
e berremo alla salute delle ragazze di Gloucester,
e al successo della “Eastern Light”.

NOTE
* trascritto da Cattia Salto in parte da qui
1) la data cambia per alcuni è il 1873. per altri il 1863: anche scritto come ” in eighteen hundred and seventy-three”
2) in alcune strofe qui non riportate il marinaio maledice il suo amore per i liquori, perchè se si fosse mantenuto sobrio, non si sarebbe mai imbarcato
3) un peschereccio dal nome “Eastern Light” 70 tonnellate, fu costruito nel 1866, di proprietà di “Maddocks and Company of Gloucester”, Massachusetts.
4) “Banks dory” è la barchetta costruita in modo seriale e in grande quantità a partire dal 1850, a fondo piatto per uno o due uomini a seconda della dimensione continua.
5) letteralmente dice “trascina le reti da traino” ma la pesca tradizionale sui Grandi Banchi almeno fino alla fine dell’ottocento si faceva con le lenze (vedi)
6) i Grandi Banchi di Terranova: un tratto di mare dal fondale basso a sud-est dell’isola canadese di Terranova, di forma grosso modo triangolare spesso sconvolto dalle tempeste, infido e pericoloso per la presenza di iceberg e la frequente nebbia. L’incrocio tra la calda corrente del Golfo e la fredda corrente del Labrador, che sollevano dal fondale le sostanze nutrienti, ne fanno una delle zone più pescose al mondo. Il mescolarsi di acque calde e fredde è causa però anche di nebbia che, prima dell’avvento della navigazione strumentale, rendeva la zona molto insidiosa. (daWiki)

transportation song
la pesca sui Banchi
the Eastern Light
morte del capitano (ballata americana)
naufragio e soccorso sui Banchi (ballata canadese)

FONTI
https://www.mun.ca/folklore/leach/songs/NFLD1/4-12.htm
http://gestsongs.com/01/banks4.htm
http://sniff.numachi.com/pages/tiEASTRNLT.html

Shipwreck on the Great Newfoundland Banks

Leggi in italiano

Oh, you may bless your happy lots, all ye who dwell on shore

“Banks of Newfoundland” tells the tragic story of a ship tormented by the hurricane and unable to maneuver, stuck on the Great Banks, the only hope left: the sighting of another ship for rescue!
And after more than fifteen days without provisions it remains only the “law of the sea” to give extreme support to the remaining men.

CANADIAN VERSION

Margaret Christl &d Ian Robb from The Barley Grain for Me, 1976 ♪
comparing the variant collected in 1957 by Edith Fowke from the voice of O J Abbott of Ontario and published in The Penguin Book of Canadian Folk Songs (1973) (see text)

V
On the morning of the fifteenth day, no vessel did appear.
We gave to him another hour to offer up a prayer.
Well, Providence to us proved kind; kept blood from every hand (4),
For an English vessel hove in sight on the Banks of Newfoundland.
VI
We hoisted aloft our signal; they bore down on us straightaway.
When they saw our pitiful condition, they began to weep and pray.
Five hundred souls we had on board when first we left the land
There’s now alive but seventy-five on the Banks of Newfoundland.
VII
They took us off that ship, me boys; we was more like ghosts than men.
They fed us and they clothed us and brought us back again.
They fed us and they clothed us, and brought us straight to land.
While the billowy waves roll o’er the graves on the Banks of Newfoundland.

NOTES
1) luck
2) the one who pulled the shorter straw was the “winner”, and sacrificed himself for the good of the survivors, this practice was called “law of the sea”
3) a commonplace because in the ballads on cannibalism at sea it always touches to the young cabin boy
4) the juxtaposition between the two verses with the man ready for the sacrifice and sighting at dawn of the ship that will rescue them, wants to mitigate the harsh reality of cannibalism, a horrible practice to tell but that is always lurking in the moments of desperation and as an extreme resource for survival, see“The Ship in Distress”

Comparing
irish version:
Eddie Butcher 1968 ♪ from ITMA
Andy Irvine from Abocurragh, 2010 ♪ (text here)

american version:
Mabel Worcester 1967 from the University of Maine digital archive ♪

transportation song
working on a fisher ship
the Eastern Light
captain’s death (american ballad)
shipwreck and rescue on the Banks (Canadian ballad)

LINK
https://www.itma.ie/digital-library/sound/banks_of_newfoundland_eddie_butcher
http://www.lizlyle.lofgrens.org/RmOlSngs/RTOS-BanksNewfoundland.html
https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/songstorysamplercollection/18/
http://gestsongs.com/02/banks6.htm

Naufragio sui Grandi Banchi di Terranova

Read the post in English

Oh, you may bless your happy lots, all ye who dwell on shore

In “Banks of Newfoundland” si narra la tragica storia, di una nave tormentata dall’uragano e impossibilitata a manovrare, bloccata sui Grandi Banchi, l’unica speranza rimasta: l’avvistamento di un’altra nave per i soccorsi!
E dopo più di quindici giorni senza provviste resta solo la “legge del mare” a dare l’estremo sostegno agli uomini rimasti.

VERSIONI CANADESI

Margaret Christl &d Ian Robb in The Barley Grain for Me, 1976 ♪
si confronti con la variante collezionata nel 1957 da Edith Fowke dalla voce di O J Abbott di Ontario e pubblicata ne The Penguin Book of Canadian Folk Songs (1973) (vedi testo)

I
Oh, you may bless your happy lots (1),
all ye who dwell on shore,
For it’s little you know of the hardships that we poor seamen bore.
Yes, it’s little you know of the hardships that we were forced to stand
For fourteen days and fifteen night on the Banks of Newfoundland.
II
Our ship, she sailed through frost and snow from the day we left Quebec,
And if we had not walked about we’d have frozen to the deck.
But we being true-born sailor men as ever ship had manned
Our Captain, he doubled our grog each day on the Banks of Newfoundland.
III
Well, there never was a ship, me boys, that sailed the western waves,
But the billowy seas came a-rolling in and bent them into staves.
Our ship being built of unseasoned wood, it could but little stand,
The hurricane, it met us there on the Banks of Newfoundland.
IV
Well, we fasted for thirteen days and nights, our provisions giving out,
On the morning of the fourteenth day, we cast our lines about (2).
Well, the lot, it fell on the Captain’s son (3), and thinking relief at hand,
We spared him for another night on the Banks of Newfoundland.
V
On the morning of the fifteenth day, no vessel did appear.
We gave to him another hour to offer up a prayer.
Well, Providence to us proved kind; kept blood from every hand (4),
For an English vessel hove in sight on the Banks of Newfoundland.
VI
We hoisted aloft our signal; they bore down on us straightaway.
When they saw our pitiful condition, they began to weep and pray.
Five hundred souls we had on board when first we left the land
There’s now alive but seventy-five on the Banks of Newfoundland.
VII
They took us off that ship, me boys; we was more like ghosts than men.
They fed us and they clothed us and brought us back again.
They fed us and they clothed us, and brought us straight to land.
While the billowy waves roll o’er the graves on the Banks of Newfoundland.

Traduzione italiana Cattia Salto
I
Oh, potete benedire il vostro felice destino, tutti voi che abitate sulla riva,
perché conoscete molto poco delle difficoltà che noi poveri marinai sopportiamo./Sì, sapete proprio poco delle difficoltà che siamo stati costretti a sopportare,
per quattordici giorni e quindici notti sui Banchi di Terranova.
II
La nostra nave, ha navigato tra il gelo e la neve dal giorno in cui abbiamo lasciato il Quebec, e se non avessimo camminato, ci saremmo congelati sul ponte./ Ma noi siamo veri marinai, che mai nave abbia avuto,/ il nostro Capitano, ogni giorno ci ha raddoppiato il grog, sui Banchi di Terranova.
III
Beh, non c’è mai stata nave, ragazzi, che abbia navigato nel mare occidentale, con le onde che arrivavano rotolando e si schiantavano sulle doghe./ La nostra nave costruita con legno non stagionato, aveva poco da stare a galla,/ l’uragano ci ha affrontato sui Banchi di Terranova..
IV
Beh, abbiamo digiunato per tredici giorni e notti, le nostre vettovaglie erano finite, la mattina del quattordicesimo giorno, abbiamo tirato a sorte/ Beh, il fato, è caduto sul figlio del Capitano, e pensando di avere un soccorso sottomano,/lo abbiamo risparmiato per un’altra notte sui Banchi di Terranova
V
La mattina del quindicesimo giorno non apparve nessuna nave.
gli abbiamo dato un’altra ora per dire una preghiera./Bene, la Provvidenza ci si è mostrata gentile a tenere lontano il sangue dalle nostre mani,
perchè avvistammo una nave inglese sui Banchi di Terranova.
VI
Abbiamo issato in alto il nostro segnale; si sono subito diretti verso di noi./ Quando videro la nostra pietosa condizione, cominciarono a piangere e a pregare./ di cinquecento anime che avevamo a bordo quando abbiamo lasciato la terra, erano ora vive solo settantacinque sui Banchi di Terranova
VII
Ci hanno portato via da quella nave, ragazzi; eravamo più fantasmi che uomini.
Ci hanno nutrito e vestito e riportati indietro
Ci hanno nutrito e vestito e riportati dritto a terra.
Mentre le onde fluttuavano sulle tombe nei Banchi di Terranova.

NOTE
1) luck
2) quello che tirava la paglia più corta era il “vincitore”, e si sacrificava per il bene dei sopravvissuti, questa pratica era definita “legge del mare”
3) un luogo comune perchè nelle ballate sul cannibalismo in mare tocca sempre al giovane mozzo
4) la giustapposizione tra le due strofe con l’uomo pronto per il sacrificio e l’avvistamento all’alba della nave che li soccorrerà, vuole mitigare la cruda realtà del cannibalismo, una pratica orribile a dirsi ma che è sempre in agguato nei momenti di disperazione e come risorsa estrema per la sopravvivenza vedasi “The Ship in Distress”

Si confrontino
la versione irlandese:
Eddie Butcher 1968 ♪ dall’archivio ITMA
Andy Irvine in Abocurragh, 2010 ♪ (testo qui)

la versione americana:
Mabel Worcester 1967 dall’archivio digitale dell’Università del Maine ♪

transportation song
la pesca sui Banchi
the Eastern Light
morte del capitano (ballata americana)
naufragio e soccorso sui Banchi (ballata canadese)

FONTI
https://www.itma.ie/digital-library/sound/banks_of_newfoundland_eddie_butcher
http://www.lizlyle.lofgrens.org/RmOlSngs/RTOS-BanksNewfoundland.html
https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/songstorysamplercollection/18/
http://gestsongs.com/02/banks6.htm

Bound down for Newfoundland

Leggi in italiano

A long narrative tradition in Newfoundland is inspired by events and people of local significanc, so sea ballads speak of shipwrecks and calamities. (see more)
One particular theme is presented with various titles (The Schooner Mary Ann, Banks of Newfoundland) and variations starting from an American ballad of the late 1800 authored by captain Cale White entitled Bound Down To Newfoundland (Roud No. 647) and spread equally in Nova Scotia.

On St. Patrick’s Day, the seventeenth from New York we set sail

Also with the title “Bound down for Newfoundland” the ballad narrates the death of the young captain, struck by smallpox, on board the American schooner Mary Ann (or the brigantine the Eveline): probably it is a fishing ship heading to the Newfoundland Banks for the fishing season.
This particular version was collected by Helen Creighton [1899-1989] and published in Songs And Ballads From Nova Scotia.
To tell a sad story, mourning the young captain’s death, the matched melody is all too cheerful. The song is sometimes classified as an irish ballad.

The Corries from Bonnet, Belt & Sword 1967

Ryans Fancy from Sullivan’s Gypsies 1970 ( I, III, IV, V)

IV
At three o’clock we sighted a light
That we were glad to see
The small-pox bein’ ragin’
That’s what it proved to be
At four o’clock in the afternoon
As sure as God’s command
He passed away in Arichat (2)
Bound down for Newfoundland
V
All that night long we did lament
For our departed friend
And we were prayin’ unto God
For what had been his end
We prayed that God would guide us
And keep us by his hand
And send us fair wind while at sea
Bound down for Newfoundland

NOTES
1) Halifax (Nova Scotia): with the sick captain who knew the coast the ship had lost its points of reference
2) Arichat small village on the Isle Madame with two lighthouses, one at the entrance to the harbor and the other at Jerseyman Island

transportation song
working on a fisher ship
the Eastern Light
captain’s death (american ballad)
shipwreck and rescue on the Banks (Canadian ballad)

LINK
http://gestsongs.com/02/bound2.htm
http://gestsongs.com/02/bound1.htm
http://gestsongs.com/21/bound3.htm
http://disastersongs.ca/bound-down-for-newfoundland-schooner-mary-ann/
http://www.sssa.llc.ed.ac.uk/whalsay/2015/02/03/bound-down-for-newfoundland/
https://www.8notes.com/scores/3609.asp
http://www.kinglaoghaire.com/lyrics/932-the-banks-of-newfoundland-1
http://www.traditionalmusic.co.uk/irish-songs-ballads-lyrics/bound_down_for_newfoundland.htm
https://www.mun.ca/folklore/leach/songs/NFLD1/16A-06.htm
http://www.mun.ca/folklore/leach/songs/NFLD2/20-6_51.htm
http://www.fresnostate.edu/folklore/ballads/LD22.html

Bound down for Newfoundland

Read the post in English

Una lunga tradizione narrativa a Terranova s’ispira a eventi e persone di importanza locale così le ballate del mare parlano di naufragi e calamità . (vedi)
Un filone in particolare si presenta con vari titoli (The Schooner Mary Ann, Banks of Newfoundland) e varianti a partire da una ballata americana del tardo 1800 attribuita al capitano Cale White dal titolo Bound Down To Newfoundland (Roud n ° 647) e diffusa parimenti in Nuova Scozia.

On St. Patrick’s Day, the seventeenth from New York we set sail

Anche con il titolo “Bound down for Newfoundland” la ballata narra della morte del capitano colpito dal vaiolo, a bordo della goletta americana Mary Ann (oppure il brigantino l’Eveline): si tratta probabilmente di una nave di pescatori diretta ai Banchi di Terranova per la stagione di pesca.
Questa versione in particolare è stata raccolta da Helen Creighton [1899-1989] e pubblicata in Songs And Ballads From Nova Scotia.
Per raccontate una storia triste, che piange la morte del giovane capitano, la melodia abbinata è fin troppo allegra. La canzone è talvolta classificata come una irish ballad.

The Corries in Bonnet, Belt & Sword 1967

Ryans Fancy in Sullivan’s Gypsies 1970 (strofe I, III, IV, V)

I
On St. Patrick’s Day, the seventeenth
From New York we set sail
Kind fortune did favour us
Wi’ a sweet and a pleasant gale
We bore away from Americay
The wind bein’ off the land
And wi’ courage brave we ploughed the wave Bound down for Newfoundland
II
Our Captain’s name was Nelson
Just twenty years of age
As true and brave a sailor lad
As ever ploughed the wave
The Eveline our brig (1) was called
Belonging to McLean
And wi’ courage brave we ploughed the wave
Bound down for Newfoundland
III
When three days out to our surprise
Our Captain he fell sick
He shortly was not able
To take his turn on deck
The fever raged which made us think
That death was near at hand
So we bore away from Halifax (1)
Bound down for Newfoundland
IV
At three o’clock we sighted a light
That we were glad to see
The small-pox bein’ ragin’
That’s what it proved to be
At four o’clock in the afternoon
As sure as God’s command
He passed away in Arichat (2)
Bound down for Newfoundland
V
All that night long we did lament
For our departed friend
And we were prayin’ unto God
For what had been his end
We prayed that God would guide us
And keep us by his hand
And send us fair wind while at sea
Bound down for Newfoundland

Traduzione italiana Cattia Salto
I
Il giorno di San Patrizio, il diciassette (marzo) da New York siamo salpati
la fortuna gentile ci ha favorito
con un vento forte dolce e piacevole
siamo partiti dall’America
il vento che veniva da terra
e armati di coraggio abbiamo solcato l’onda diretti a Terranova
II
Il nome del nostro Capitano era Nelson
e aveva solo vent’anni
da vero e coraggioso giovane marinaio
che mai solcò il mare
l’Eveline si chiamava il brigantino
che apparteneva a McLean
e armati di coraggio abbiamo solcato l’onda
diretti a Terranova
III
Quando mancavano tre giorni al nostro arrivo, il capitano si è ammalato
e in breve non è stato capace
di prendere il suo posto sul ponte,
la febbre imperversava da farci pensare che la morte era vicina
così ci allontanvamo da Halifax
diretti a Terranova
IV
Alle tre in punto avvistammo un faro
che eravamo felici di vedere
Il vaiolo stava infuriando
-ecco cos’era.
Alle quattro del pomeriggio
secondo la volontà di Dio
è morto ad Arichat
diretti a Terranova
V
Tutta la notte ci siamo lamentati
per il nostro amico defunto
pregavamo Dio
per ciò che è stata la sua fine.
Abbiamo pregato che Dio ci guidasse
e ci tenessenella sua mano
per mandaci il vento giusto mentre in mare (eravamo) diretti a Terranova

NOTE
1) Halifax (Nuova Scozia): con il capitano ammalato che conosceva la costa la nave aveva perso i suoi punti di riferimento
2) Arichat piccolo villaggio sull’Isle Madame con due fari, uno all’ingresso del porto e l’altro a Jerseyman Island

transportation song
la pesca sui Banchi
the Eastern Light
morte del capitano (ballata americana)
naufragio e soccorso sui Banchi (ballata canadese)

FONTI
http://gestsongs.com/02/bound2.htm
http://gestsongs.com/02/bound1.htm
http://gestsongs.com/21/bound3.htm
http://disastersongs.ca/bound-down-for-newfoundland-schooner-mary-ann/
http://www.sssa.llc.ed.ac.uk/whalsay/2015/02/03/bound-down-for-newfoundland/
https://www.8notes.com/scores/3609.asp
http://www.kinglaoghaire.com/lyrics/932-the-banks-of-newfoundland-1
http://www.traditionalmusic.co.uk/irish-songs-ballads-lyrics/bound_down_for_newfoundland.htm
https://www.mun.ca/folklore/leach/songs/NFLD1/16A-06.htm
http://www.mun.ca/folklore/leach/songs/NFLD2/20-6_51.htm
http://www.fresnostate.edu/folklore/ballads/LD22.html

Banks of Newfoundland: an offshore bank fishery

Leggi in italiano

The springtime of the year is come, once more we must away: an offshore bank fishery

“The Banks of Newfoundland” collected by Kenneth Peacock in 1952 from James (Jim) Rice [1879-1958] of Cape Broyle, NL, and published in Songs Of The Newfoundland Outports, Volume 1, pp.108-109, by The National Museum Of Canada (1965): a lyrical song who tells about the difficult and dangerous life of the fishermen, before the 1992 arrived and the end of the cod fishing in Canada for the exhaustion of the stocks.

Tickle Harbour from Battery Included 1988 (track arranged by O’Byrne / Walsh)
This is one of the many songs collected in Newfoundland by Kenneth Peacock and can be found in his major volume of work, Songs of the Newfoundland Outports. The song describes the seasonal nature of fishing on the Grand Banks. During the early days of its settlement, fishermen would leave their homes in Ireland and England for Newfoundland and spend their summer months fishing “The Banks”, returning to their loved ones in the fall year. Fergus wrote a new melody for every third and fourth line, thereby taking the liberty to evoke a sentiment that he feels adds to the pathos of the song.

I
The springtime of the year is come,
Once more we must away;
Out on the stormy Banks (1) to go,
In quest of fish to stay.
II
Where seas do roll tremendously,
Like mountain peaks so high;
And the wild seabirds around us,
In their mad career go by.
III
Out there we spend our summer months (2) ,
Midst heavy fog(3) and wind;
And often do our thoughts (4) go back,
To the dear ones left behind.
Chorus
From where the wild sea billows foam,
They’re by cold breezes fanned;
Out on the stormy billows,
On the Banks of Newfoundland .

IV
At midnight when the sky is dark,
And heavy clouds do frown;
It’s then we stand great danger,
Of our craft being soon run down.
V
By some large greyhound of the deep ,
That rushes (5) madly by;
It’s then we trust our lives,
To kind Providence on high.
VI
It’s when those summer toils are o’er,
We return with spirits light;
To see our sweethearts and our wives,
Who helped us in the fight.

NOTES
1) The Grand Banks of Newfoundland are a group of underwater plateaus south-east of Newfoundland roughly triangular in shape often overwhelmed by storms, treacherous and dangerous due to the presence of icebergs and the frequent fog
2) fishing schooners went out to sea in May and did not fall until September
3) The mixing of the cold Labrador Current with the warm waters of the Gulf Stream helped to create one of the richest fishing grounds in the world, but it’s also causes fog in the area, and before the advent of instrumental navigation, it made the Banks very insidious
4) thoughts are approached to the flight of the sea birds of the previous verse using the same verb “go by” for the birds, “go back” for the thoughts
5) “greyhound of the deep” is not a leviathan or a sea monster, but a cutter, the Newfoundland banks are in fact along the orthodox path, that is the shortest line, which unites Europe and America; postal mails darted at great speeds worried only about their ETA (estimate time arrival). Many dories ended up overwhelmed by their passage.

Cod fishing in the nineteenth century

The technique of fishing vessels set up in the nineteenth century foresaw the use of a particular boat called “Banks Dory” built in a serial way and in large quantities from 1850, flat bottom boats for one or two men depending on the size, transported (stacked on top of each other) on the schooners of the fishermen, ie the mother ships.
The fishing technique foresaw that the ship was anchored in a favourable location and launched the dories into the water, which moved away and fished on their own with the palamites. In the evening the cod caught in the day was cleaned on the bridge of the schooner and salted immediately. In exceptional cases it was also possible to fish directly from the schooner, but hoisting large fish to the side was much more difficult, while the fishing yield was lower. The ship returned to port only when the holds were full of salted cod. If much of the catch was made of this fish, other types of prey were also possible. Raising a halibut on board, which could exceed three meters in length and 100 pounds of weight, put a strain on the stability of the boat…
This type of fishing was used in a massive way up to the First World War and was gradually supplanted, starting from 1930, by the use of motorized fishing boats equipped with refrigerators. (translated from here)

“The Fog Warning”, Winslow Homer 1885: the fisherman on the dory is returning to his schooner-mother and looking with the distance that separates him. The sea is rough and the fog bank is rising, it will be a tough race against the clock.

goletta del film Capitani Coraggiosi — The schooner of the film “Captains Courageous” in a fog bank, based on the novel by Kipling in which it is narrated in detail how the life of the cod fishermen takes place in the early 1900s

At the beginning it was fished with the line, and the fish caught were cleaned and put in salt on the schooner. In the nineteenth century the line is passed to the longline (trawl lines )
Fishing lines also long kilometers, each of which equipped with thousands of baited hooks. A very effective technique that allows scary booty. In New England alone, 60,000 tons of cod were caught in 1895. Which seemed to never end. Even a great biologist and researcher like Huxley said: I believe that the fishing of cod, as well as other resources of the great sea, are inexhaustible.. ..(translated from qui)

But the “cod stocks crashed” were just around the corner.

The factory ships and the end of white cod

The first steam trawler used in the Banks dates back to 1905, the trawl runs on the seabed and collects everything it finds, and so from the second post-war period ever larger ships equipped with large cold stores (factory ships) were fishing in an hour as much as a 1500-1600 boat did in one season. It was in this way that in the mid-70s local fishermen obtained from their government the extension of territorial waters up to 200 miles from the coast, excluding foreign ships from the domination of the Great Banks, but instead of safeguarding their fish resources with a fishing sustainable Canadian fishermen ended up using the same instruments such as sonar, to locate the big fish stalls, while the government made predictions more and more distant from reality by setting dangerously high catch quotas and so in 1992 there were no more cod fishing: thousands of fishermen left without work, boats stopped, factories closed. and so in 1992 there were no more cod fishing: thousands of fishermen thrown out of work, boats beached, canneries shuttered.
To date, the cod fishing in Newfoundland has not recovered, today the economy of that country is based on fishing for lobsters and above all on the exploitation of woodland and mining resources. The cod no longer returned. Fish like the capelin, once codfish prey, have now become very common, and eat the newborn cod. Today, this ecosystem is dominated by crabs and shrimps.. (translated from here)

Farming the Sea

In 1979, Jacques Cousteau wrote: “We must plant the sea and herd its animals using the ocean as farmers instead of hunters. That is what civilization is all about — farming replacing hunting.”
The future for fishermen: underwater cultivation of algae and seafood, to create a sustainable ecosystem with open source projects to share, read the testimony of Bren Smith

Farming the Sea: why eating kelp is good for you and good for the environment from Patrick Mustain on Vimeo.

transportation song
working on a fisher ship
the Eastern Light
captain’s death (american ballad)
shipwreck and rescue on the Banks (Canadian ballad)

LINK
https://www.nautica.it/barche-da-pesca/il-dory-dei-grandi-banchi-la-barca-che-scrisse-la-storia-della-pesca/
https://storiedibarche.wordpress.com/una-stagione-di-pesca-al-merluzzo-viaggio-sulle-barche-da-pesca-ai-banchi-di-terranova-dalle-immagini-di-anita-conti-alla-realizzazione-di-un-dory/
http://www.marenostrumrapallo.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=576:merlu&catid=53:marittimo&Itemid=160
https://medium.com/invironment/an-army-of-ocean-farmers-on-the-frontlines-of-the-blue-green-economic-revolution-d5ae171285a3
https://auspace.athabascau.ca/bitstream/handle/2149/1647/kenneth_peadock.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
http://gestsongs.com/01/banks2.htm

https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/economy/19th-century-cod.php

Febbraio: 2019
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